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英语中的情态动词和定语从句在中考中是重点,以下是整理的一些情态动词和定语从句的用法,希望能够带来帮助。
情态动词
1.考查情态动词表示“推测”的用法
表示肯定推测的情态动词有:must“一定;准是”,may“也许;可能”,might“或许”;表示否定推测的情态动词有:can't“不可能”, couldn't“不会”,may not“也许不”,might not“或许不”;can表示推测时不用于肯定句,may表示推测时不用于疑问句。
2.考查情态动词引起的一般疑问句的答语
回答must时,肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't或don't have to。回答need时,肯定答语用must,否定答语用needn't。回答may时,肯定答语用may,否定答语用mustn't 或can't。
3.考查情态动词的意义
must “必须”;have to“不得不”; need “必须;需要”; can(could)“能;可能”;may (might) “可以;可能”; shall,will (would)“将;会;愿意;要”; should“应当”。
“had better (not) + 动词原形”表示建议;have to / has to / had to的否定,疑问形式要借助于助动词do / does / did。
定语从句
一.定语从句的功用和结构
在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。例如:
This is the present that he gave me for my birthday
二.关系代词和关系副词的功用
关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句,在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用,使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语,宾语,定语,关系副词可作状语。
(1)作主语:关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如:
I don’t like people who talk much but do little.
The cars which are produced in Hubei Province sell very well.
(2)作宾语:She is the person that I met at the school gate yesterday.
The book that my grandmother gave me is called “The Great Escape”.
(3)作定语
关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如:
What’s the name of the young man whose sister is a doctor?
The girl whose father is a teacher studies very hard.
(4)作状语
I’ll never forget the day when I first came to Beijing.
三. 各个关系代词和关系副词的具体用法
1. who 指人,在定语从句中作主语。例如:
The person who broke the window must pay for it.
The boy who is wearing the black jacket is very clever.
2. whom指人,在定语从句中作宾语。例如:
Do you know the young man (whom) we met at the gate?
Mr Lee (whom) you want to see has come.
3. whose 指人,在定语从句中作定语。例如:
The girl whose mother is ill is staying at home today.
I know the boy whose father is a professor.
4. which指物,在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如:
A dictionary is a book which gives the meaning of words.
Here is the book (which) the teacher mentioned yesterday.
5. that多指物,有时也指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如:
I’ve read the newspaper that(which) carries the important news.
Who is the person that is reading the newspaper over there?
6. when 指时间,在定语从句中作状语。例如:
I’ll never forget the time when we worked on the farm.
He arrived in Beijing on the day when I left.
7. where 指地点,在定语从句中作状语。例如:
This is the house where we lived last year.
The factory where his father works is in the east of the city.